The research focuses on the mental processes underlying decision making of children and adults with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Using behavioral economy conceptual framework, we started to reveal some of the characteristics of ADHD-related risk taking, including the prevalence of risk taking, the potential harm of maladaptive decision-making, mediators and moderators of the relation between ADHD and risk taking. To examine different hypotheses we use self-reports of real-life risk taking, as well as laboratory computerized gambling tasks.